Marches were common in the 1980s and early 1990s, including thousands marching against the Springbok rugby tour in 1981. The 1975 hīkoi was a Māori land march from Northland to Wellington. In the 1960s and 1970s people marched against the Vietnam War and nuclear tests, and for women’s and Māori rights. Unionists and the unemployed have often held marches. In the earliest marches, an effigy of a person was sometimes burnt. Protest marches move along streets, with participants often carrying placards and banners. They are common in industrial disputes, often to discourage strikebreakers from entering a workplace.īlockades involve stopping goods or people from passing.īoycotts suspend relationships with a business or company. Pickets are a line of people standing in a public space. In 1978 Eva Rickard led a sit-in at the Raglan golf course asking that it be returned to its original Māori owners. In 1977 the Ngāti Whātua tribe occupied their former land at Bastion Point, Auckland, for 507 days. In 1955 a group of women held a sit-in on the Nelson railway to protest government plans to close the line. A sit-in usually takes about a day, but an occupation can last for weeks or even years. These occur when a group occupies a place to highlight a grievance. One of the largest was in 1951, when about 17,000 people gathered in Auckland to support waterside workers during their industrial dispute. The ‘Save Manapōuri’ petition of 1970, signed by almost 265,000 people, stopped Lake Manapōuri’s level being raised to produce hydroelectricity.Īt meetings protest leaders make speeches, and those attending may decide on resolutions and actions. The women’s suffrage petitions were signed by more than 30,000 people in the 1880s and 1890s. Petitions collect signatures to ask that a grievance be considered (usually by Parliament or a local authority). Groups sometimes organise letter-writing campaigns. The policing operation for the two extended protests cost 37m, more than twice the annual budget of Londons violent crime taskforce.
People write to a newspaper or a politician to highlight an issue and start debate. In Wellington, protesters often march to Parliament and are addressed by MPs. The Bill of Rights Act guarantees the right to public protest. “White House Protest Rule Toughened,” The Washington Post, Times Herald, 9 June 1972, C1.A public protest allows people to complain about something they think is wrong, and build support to change it. “President’s Park/Citizen’s Soapbox” Accessed 2 February 2 2011. “Court Must Decide Pickets’ Right to Use Parks Freely.” The Washington Post, Times Herald, 8 December 1968, A2. “’Picket’ White House.” The Washington Post, 10 January 1917, 1. “The Backlash to New Rules on Protests in D.C.” The Atlantic, October 13, 2018. “Proposed National Park Service First Amendment and Special Event Permit regulations would provide clarity while protecting iconic views in Washington, D.C.” August 7, 2018. “’Move Along’ Pickets.” The Washington Post, 23 June 1917, 1. Lotito, Ernest A., “Picketing of White House Old But Aimless Practice.” The Washington Post, Times Herald, 27 October 1963, E2. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001. Doughboys, the Great War, and the Remaking of America. Security in the Nation’s Capital and the Closure of Pennsylvania Avenue: an Assessment. Puts Ban on Public Gatherings in Five Streets Around White House,” The Washington Post, Times Herald, 24 April 1966, A1.
“Court Voids Rules on White House Protests.” The Washington Post, Times Herald, 28 April 1969, A4.Ĭlopton, Willard, “U.S.
“ACLU Protests Limit on Pickets.” New York Times, 23 September 1967, 10.īernstein, Carl.
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